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#圖片僅供參考#
本公司專業(yè)銷售大型進(jìn)口各種品牌DCS系統(tǒng)模塊備件:
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對(duì)燃料電池汽車中的燃料電池系統(tǒng)建模的方法又可分為兩種,一種是在電化學(xué)、工程熱力學(xué)、流體力學(xué)等理論基礎(chǔ)上,建立比較復(fù)雜的一維或多維物理模型。這種模型可根據(jù)不同燃料電池的結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù)建立相應(yīng)模型,分析壓力、溫度、濕度、流量、催化劑、管道結(jié)構(gòu)等多方面因素對(duì)燃料電池工作的影響。但這種模型復(fù)雜不直觀,且運(yùn)算速度慢。另一種則采用較簡(jiǎn)單的數(shù)學(xué)經(jīng)驗(yàn)?zāi)P筒⒔Y(jié)合相應(yīng)的商業(yè)軟件,這種方法具有直觀快速的特點(diǎn),但該模型只能針對(duì)特定的燃料電池系統(tǒng),其建立需依靠實(shí)驗(yàn)數(shù)據(jù)。
4.2 整車動(dòng)力傳動(dòng)系統(tǒng)仿真優(yōu)化技術(shù)
燃料電池車仿真的zui終目的是以燃料電池模型為基礎(chǔ),結(jié)合子系統(tǒng)和動(dòng)力傳送系統(tǒng)的相關(guān)模型,仿真分析燃料電池系統(tǒng)乃至整個(gè)汽車動(dòng)力系統(tǒng)的工作情況。這種系統(tǒng)優(yōu)化的方法主要是結(jié)合實(shí)際的使用來(lái)進(jìn)行的,一般分成兩種。
在實(shí)際使用路況未知的情況,俄亥俄州立大學(xué)的T. Gabriel Choi等基于FIAT Panda車型,針對(duì)燃料電池插電式電動(dòng)汽車的動(dòng)力要求,研究了兩者控制測(cè)量:離線全局優(yōu)化和動(dòng)態(tài)優(yōu)化下控制測(cè)量的設(shè)置方法。對(duì)于家庭充電和燃料電池混合應(yīng)用的能量?jī)?yōu)化控制方法。Guezennec等研究了駕駛習(xí)慣對(duì)能量的使用情況,并對(duì)動(dòng)力系統(tǒng)和尺寸容量等做了優(yōu)化。
燃料電池汽車輔助能源效率
對(duì)于實(shí)際使用情況已知,謝長(zhǎng)君等研究了巡航加速等工況下的優(yōu)化方法,F(xiàn)rancisco等研究了鄉(xiāng)村路線、城市路線和兩者混合下燃料電池電動(dòng)汽車動(dòng)力系統(tǒng)容量的設(shè)計(jì)方法,研究了不同輔助能量系統(tǒng)下動(dòng)力系統(tǒng)的效率和能耗,為燃料電池動(dòng)力系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)提供參考。Keshav S等運(yùn)用動(dòng)力系統(tǒng)仿真分析工具(PSAT)分析了燃料電池整車系統(tǒng)包括燃料電池電堆和其他部件的性能,發(fā)現(xiàn)當(dāng)使用單個(gè)輔助能量時(shí),鋰電池的效果(表二)。鋰電池和超級(jí)電容混用,則可以9%的效率。另外,針對(duì)燃料電池機(jī)械結(jié)構(gòu)及其動(dòng)態(tài)相應(yīng)也需要進(jìn)一步考慮。
5 總結(jié)
燃料電池電動(dòng)車中的燃料電池電堆只能維持車輛運(yùn)行的平均功率要求,采用輔助能量系統(tǒng)提高了燃料電池汽車的效率。本文圍繞燃料電池汽車動(dòng)力傳統(tǒng)技術(shù)關(guān)鍵技術(shù),分別對(duì)燃料電池電動(dòng)汽車動(dòng)力傳動(dòng)拓?fù)浼軜?gòu)、多源系統(tǒng)管理和動(dòng)力系統(tǒng)配置與仿真優(yōu)化技術(shù)等關(guān)鍵技術(shù)開展了詳細(xì)論述。本文的研究對(duì)燃料電池電動(dòng)汽車動(dòng)力傳統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)與制造具有重要的參考價(jià)值。
MOS Integrated Circuit Board 923.051, 923051 #8757
New MPCS Circuit Board 170856 #30165
Adaptec Controller Card AHA-2940W/294OUW #43480
Circuit Board PCB-340-00H PC Board PCB34000H, #35616
Circuit Board H1F3F-20PA #5679
National Instrument PC Board SC-2054, 181487-01 #49396
Siemens CPU New Simatic S7 6ES7 194-4AN00-0AA0 #49242
Control Systems PC Board PC0207 #55901
Feller Engineering Control Board AF090 #51571
Herfurth PC Board K669A, #14677
Datalogic Controller Board HS882B-4 #55691
Barrett Electronics Memory & I/O Expansion Board 61376949 #51202
AVL Circuit Board FRSB #12394
Cutler Hammer CH310 Circuit Breaker 10 Amp #26979
GM PC Board GM1048A #13183
KTF Circuit Board 923.054, 826,328-C 923054 #7020
Lumonics Drive Card E81Z2151C #32852
Gould Output Module B55 #50769
Mark II Automation PC Board 0000790-01 #24919
Ranger Automation Board R-ABKPCB #43075
Harmo PC Board 1022588 #23381
Gettys Circuit Board Module 44-0035-00, #11063
EGD PC Board PA88a, #6933
NEW Parametrics Driver Board 600215, 600215L #3084
Allen Bradley Chassis Board 960000, 960000-90 #46997
AC Drives Circuit Board 3000-2030 #12108
Vickers Power Supply Board 02-158332 #34177
Bryant PC Board DC300 #12383
SCI 21858 Epic Control Card #15207
Van Dorn DC Input Board PC330-037 #61609
Allen Bradley Circuit Board 74102-405 #35812
Gould Input Module B551 #50768
RJG Technologies 1164 Relay Board AS-9200 #22897
KTF Circuit Board 923.017, 826.349-D 923017 #7021
IDC Corporation Circuit Board TM94IA #45593
Phoenix Contact UMK-SE 11,25 Contact Board #37307
ABB Robot Control Output Board DOC-01 #25847
NIB Reliance 0-5823 DFSA Board #23209
Whitlock Control Board 21512 REV D #8686
Gettys Circuit Board 14-0024-03 #11067
Reliance 0-5183-4 IRCE Card #22479
SCI Circuit Board 080-2459 180-2459 #36604
Westinghouse Logic Module Board NL-340 #46511
Gettys Circuit Board 14-0024-01 #11073
Miller Circuit Board 179 741, 179738A LB-44 #28028
HBM Control Board ME30 #48343
Honeywell Display Card 30755399-501 #13804
Allen Bradley Chassis Board 960000-97, 960000-9707E #46978
Siemens C98043-A1047-L Control Card # 6703
Comstar 32 Chain Output Board 8003-5800B #42558
Balluf PC Interface Module BTA-E10-1778-E #60484
Balluf PC Interface Module BTA-E10-0610 #60481
Allen Bradley Switch Preamp PC Board X-233114 #27168
Allen Bradley X-233225 Slow Down PC Board #27115
Allen Bradley X-233234 Position Sensing PC Board #27109
Mitsubishi Circuit Board BN624A103H01 #20839
Boy PC Board 9626321 Video Card #17117
Allen Bradley X-233160A Flip Flop PC Board #27162
Delta Tau Data Systems PC Board 602240-101 #57763
New Husky MultiFunction Power Board 642691 #29859
Octagon PC Micro Controller 8304772 #8552
Allen Bradley X-233106 Speed Switch PC Board #27165
Vickers Input Output PCB 02-158332, REV B, #20269
Powertec Drive Board 144-2.3 #62947
Escort Memory Systems Auto ID Module CM900 #50536
Siemens Memory Submodule 6ES5 373-1AA61 #48220
Siemens 6GK11612AA00 Communication Module NEW #14993
Allen Bradley D/A Converter Board 1720-B2010 #5165
Static Controls Circuit Board CB-0974-301 REV C #29129
MSC Circuit Board 10224-0001-F, MR-50 #43763
Yaskawa Servo Drive CIMR-V7AM40P2 #45527
Automation Products PC Board PC 181A #5686
Newbury Circuit Board 102-01-B #12988
Miller Circuit Board 158160, 158162A #28034
Kawaguchi Memory Card EUA-FJK916 #38375
Vickers Controller Board 02-158342, 02-312476 #31824
Murray Circuit Breaker MP115, 15 Amp, 1 Pole, #27756
Balluf Interface Module BTA-E10-0610-E #60480
Bielomatik 87103541 Monoflop Circuit Card #13376
UCI 17-114-508 Circuit Board #12286
New Rolm Dual OPS Card 59033B #33205
Siemens Eprom Memory Module Revision 4 6ES5 55-3UA113 #48207
Hewlett Packard Ethernet Adapter Card J2573-80001 #43476
Fanuc PC Board A16B-1210-0220 /07B #34258
Allen Bradley Circuit Board 213B6-076C #35810
Allen Bradley X-233230, X-379481 PC Board #27117
Gettys Circuit Board 14-0018-08, 14-0018-100 #11054
Allen Bradley X-233221 Discriminator PC Board #27113
TPI 1358-1 PC Board #12474
Control Technology Thumbwheel Module 2204 #32439
Miller PC Board KG-50 #13120
Buhl / Engel Control Card UDG 78.1 #29702
Miller Circuit Board 179 741, 179738, KG-31 #28023
Miller Circuit Board 158160, 158162A KJ-18 #28038
Miller Circuit Board 156623, 156625D, LA-30 #28051
Astec America Power Supply Board 042-61008200C #51957
Miller Circuit Board 177333, 177334A, LB-21 #28011
Miller Circuit Board 179 741, 179738 KG-51 #28024
Miller Circuit Board 156623, 156625D, KG-50 #28052
Asea Brown Boveri Circuit Board 57330001-N/1 #48697
Miller Circuit Board 177333, 177334A, LE-44 #28012
Miller Circuit Board 186969A, 176532 LF-04 #28045
Miller Circuit Board 156623, 156625D, KG-31 #28054
Gemco PC Board EP-147-B Rev A #29622
Cincinnati Milacron Circuit Board 3-531-3610A #47436
Keba Power Supply Board TMS 21-08-2002 #25228
Mitsubishi Melsec Control AX11 #8382
ABB/Asea Servo Control Card YYT 102C, YT212001-AK/7 #32893
XYZ Technologies XYZ-MOD-16A(F)-02 PC Board #6796
Cincinnati Milacron 3-531-3721A, 35313721A Logic Board #26973
Allen Bradley X-233247 Slow Down Amp PC Board #27119
Lumonics Power Supply Board E81Z5561C #32864
Allen Bradley PC Board Series A N8 A191 #10529
Van Dorn Battery Board PC-330-041 #61607
AVL Circuit Board DCDB #12393
Sew Eurodrive Circuit Board 82335.1E #42603
Logitron Circuit Board L315K, #12350
Honeywell High Density Output Buffer 05319100 #31386
Reliance 0-51831-1 Voltage Module #23031
Elva Control Board POWS 3.38C #34181
Slicing Specialist Demodulator Board CB634 #47634
Thermal Care 807A013U02 PC Board #18109
Hi-Watt HWAT-TC10-0000 Temp Controller #23443
Fanuc Memory Module Card PC Board A16B-1211-0042 #51387
Brad Harrison / Woodhead Cable APC11A-0150 #38067
Dell 3138 103 5667.1 Power Switch Button Board #22273
Van Dorn Pathfinder 4500 Control Card PC330-041 #51524
Miller Circuit Board 177333, 177334, KJ-08 #28013
Miller Circuit Board 177333, 177334, KG-11 #28017
Miller Circuit Board 186969, 176532 LB-38 #28041
Miller Circuit Board 186969, 176532 KJ-04 #28043
New Yaskawa Analog Monitor Card AO-08 #22983
Newbury Circuit Board L467R2 #12987
Harmo PC Board PCB-E051B #22067
Reliance 0-51811-1 Voltmeter Tester Card #22289
Miller Circuit Board 177333, 177334, KH-01 #28015
Atlas Copco PC Board 4231 5012 00 #15275
Hyper Loop Circuit Board 162-0706-001 #20813
Miller Circuit Board 177333, 177334, LA-18 #28018
Miller Circuit Board 186969, 176532 LA-27 #28042
Miller Circuit Board 176536, 176532 KG-12 #28047
Nordson Pro Flow Memory Board 135117A #31720
New Moore Industries Servo Board 15823-1 #33207
SCI Circuit Board 080-2354 Rev D, 180-2354 Rev C #27659
SCI Circuit Board 080-2354 Rev D, 180-2354 Rev C #27659
SCI Circuit Board 080-2305 Rev P, 180-2305 Rev L #36602
Conair Martin Expansion Rack #25662
Sonshine Electronics Circuit Board TD 103 #24201
Reliance 0-51811-1 TSTB Board #23085
Cutler Hammer Modbus Plus Interface 1248 #46612
Siemens PCI Card C79039-A8000-C77-03 #51203
Sew Eurodrive Circuit Board 8225850.16.14 #42600
Tocco PC Board D-209518 #56313
Ransburg Elex Board RP100, #15274
Ann Arbor Keyboard Controller Board KC7000A #51065
Lantech DC Drive Module TA550-003-01, #15247
TOEI H01197-3 Control Card #24968
Siemens Power Interface Board R15B02A226L6 #31739
EEI Circuit Board 503390 Temp Control Station #5856
Miller Circuit Board 158160, 158162A, KG-35 #28031
Allen Bradley TTL Input Module 1771-IGD #51256
Bran + Luebbe IMO22 APC Circuit Board 0562164 #10854
ITW Ransburg Diagnostic Module 74733 #31513
TEC CPU Board B-X-4CPU-PWB, Circuit Board #13410
Slicing Specialist Circuit Board Oscillator Rev B #47631
Universal Unitary Controller Board 016-4047RG #35042
Flex Weigh MC1494 UWI Mother Board #16773
Federal Products Drive Controller Board EPC01839 #32870
Gould Circuit Board 110-0105-2 #14537
Arpeco Circuit Board 2113-043B #47968
Uticor Circuit Board 7SH69 #51075
Rockwell Automation Circuit Board 173168 #59232
SCI Circuit Board 080-2463 Rev C, 180-2463 Rev A E #36609
Danaher Temperature Control Board 11-0476-4 #51725
NEW Allen Bradley Driver Board S50905-001, Circuit Board #42017
Reliance 0-48652 Meter Calibration PC Board #22853
Allen Bradley X-233233 Regulator PC Board #27108
Reliance Electric USAB Board 0-51862-1 #34552
Fuji Electric Circuit Breaker EG33A #35363
Allen Bradley Circuit Board 74100-301-51 #36189
Gettys Circuit Board Module 11-0092-03, #11052
Rodix Inc. Circuit Board 24-480 #43681
ATI Technologies Video Card 109-51800-01 #43483
Gould Circuit Board 110-0069 #14530
Gould Circuit Board 110-0154 #14538
Gould Circuit Board 110-0128 #14529
Barber Colman PC Board A-12506-2 #45753
Lantech Shrink Wrap Control Board 55003202 #16770
Boy Machines PC Board 9626424 #17136
Sepro Robotique PC Board 342004 Carte AXE Z89 #17309
Varian PC Board L6433-301 #55870
Allen Bradley X-233112 Oscillator Regulator Bd #27164